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Omission of the indefinite article

The indefinite article is sometimes omitted in German where it is used in English.

A) It is usually omitted after the preposition als, e.g.
Er hat seine Untertasse als Aschenbecher benutzt. 
He used his saucer as an ashtray.

B) It is commonly omitted after the preposition ohne , e.g.
Er ist ohne Hut in dieser Hitze spazieren gegangen.
He has gone for a stroll in this heat without a hat.

c) It is omitted before professions after copula verbs  but is  always inserted when the profession is preceded by an adjective:
Er ist Lehrer.
He is a teacher.
Er ist ein sehr guter Lehrer.
He is a very good teacher. 
Er ist Vater geworden.
He has become a father.

D) It is omitted before nationalities after copula verbs  but is  always inserted when the nationality is preceded by an adjective:
Er ist Deutscher/Berliner.
He is a German/Berliner.
Er ist ein waschechter Deutscher/Berliner.
He is a genuine German/Berliner.


E) It is omitted in various standard expressions:
Das ist schade. That’s a pity.
Kopfschmerzen haben to have a headache
Auge um Auge an eye for an eye
Es ist Viertel vor/nach zwei. It is a quarter to/past two.


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