A context may require you to refer to ‘this man’, rather than ‘the man’, or alternatively ‘that man’ (jener Mann), ‘every man’ (jeder Mann) or ‘which man’ (welcher Mann). Each of these words is a determiner which takes the same endings as der/die/das. Here are the paradigms for dieser and welcher, for example :
| Diese |
|
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Plural |
| Nom. |
dieser |
diese |
dieses |
diese |
| Acc. |
diesen |
diese |
dieses |
diese |
| Gen. |
dieses |
dieser |
dieses |
dieser |
| Dat. |
diesem |
dieser |
diesem |
diesen |
| Diese |
|
Masculine |
Feminine |
Neuter |
Plural |
| Nom. |
welcher |
welche |
welches |
welche |
| Acc. |
welchen |
welche |
welches |
welche |
| Gen. |
welchem |
welcher |
welchem |
welchen |
| Dat. |
welches |
welcher |
welches |
welcher |
Even in English ‘this’ changes to ‘these’ before a plural noun and ‘that’ to ‘those’, which gives you some taste for what German is doing here, e.g. dieses Haus (this house) diese Häuser (these houses). Jener (that/those) is a word seldom encountered in speech or even .
in natural writing. There are two more usual ways of expressing ‘that/ those’ in German. The first way is by using der/die/das but with emphasis, e.g. Den Namen kenne ich nicht. (commonly starting with the emphasized word) I don’t know that name. Wir wohnen in d e m Haus. (spacing can indicate stress in written German) We live in that house.
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The second way of expressing ‘that/those’ is simply by using dieser and dispensing with the distinction we make in English between ‘this’ and ‘that’: Diesen Namen kenne ich nicht. Wir wohnen in diesem Haus.
There are two other determiners which take the endings of der/die/das but these are most frequently encountered in the plural, i.e. mancher (some, many a), solcher (such), e.g. Manche Leute mögen es so. Some people ( many a person) like it like that. Solche Leute kann ich nicht ausstehen. I can’t stand such people/people like that.
The most frequent way of expressing ‘such a’ is solch ein, where solch is invariable and ein is declined .
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